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Worksheet 10.3.1 Activity: (Sub)Normal Series

Given a group, we can look at subgroups. We say that a sequence of subgroups

G=HnHn1H1H0={e}

is a subnormal series provided each Hi is normal in Hi+1, and a normal series if each Hi is normal in G.

A non-trivial group G is called simple provided it has no non-trivial normal subgroups. We say that a subnormal series is a composition series and that a normal series is a principle series if every quotient group Hi+1/Hi is simple.

1.

Find a subnormal series for D4. Is it a normal series?

2.

Find two different normal series for Z60 of length 3 (length is the number of proper inclusions).

3.

Find the quotient groups Hi+1/Hi for both series above. How are these related? Are the series composition series?

4.

Find a composition series for Z60. Can you take it to be a refinement of the normal series you found above?